Coastline:
54,716 km
Maritime Claims:
measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate :
tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands
Terrain:
mostly coastal lowlands; larger islands have interior mountains
Elevation Extremes:
Lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
Highest point: Puncak Jaya 5,030 m
Natural Resources:
Petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold, silver
Land Use:
Arable land 11.03% ; Permanent crops 7.04% ; Others 81.93% (2005)
Irrigated Land:
45,000 sq km (2003)
Natural Hazards:
Occasional floods, severe droughts, tsunamis, earthquakes, volcanoes, forest fires
Environment - Current Issues:
Deforestation; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage; air pollution in urban areas; smoke and haze from forest fires
Environment – International Agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation
Geography - note:
Archipelago of 17,508 islands (6,000 inhabited); straddles equator; strategic location astride or along major sea lanes from Indian Ocean to Pacific Ocean
